By Dr Danial Bin Ruslan, Consultant Orthopaedic & Trauma Surgeon, Hospital Seri Botani
Despite its name, tennis elbow does not only affect tennis players. Tennis elbow, medically known as lateral epicondylitis, is one of the most common causes of elbow pain in general. It is a condition caused by overuse of the muscles and tendons in the forearm that are involved in wrist extension. It often develops from repetitive movements such as gripping, lifting, typing, gardening, or using tools, such as prolonged usage of handphones. Poor technique during sports activity such as tennis, badminton and squash will lead to the development of this disease as well.
People with tennis elbow usually experience pain or tenderness on the outside of the elbow. The pain may spread down the forearm and can make simple tasks like shaking hands, opening jars, or lifting objects uncomfortable.
The condition develops when tiny tears occur in the tendon that attaches the forearm muscles to the elbow. Repeated strain causes the tiny tears to accumulate and prevents the tendon from healing properly, leading to pain and inflammation.
Fortunately, most cases improve with conservative treatment. Resting the arm, avoiding aggravating activities, applying ice, and performing stretching and strengthening exercises can help recovery. Some people may benefit from physiotherapy, elbow braces, or anti-inflammatory medication. In persistent cases, medical treatments such as injections or minor surgical procedures may be considered.
Prevention is also important. Using proper technique during sports and work activities, taking regular breaks, and strengthening the forearm muscles can reduce the risk of developing tennis elbow.
Although recovery may take weeks to months, early attention and appropriate care usually lead to a full return to normal activities.
